Which Of The Following Has Maximum Dipole Moment?

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Question

Which of the following has maximum dipole moment?

easy

Solution

Correct option is

Electronegativity difference between N (3.0) and Cl (3.0) is zero and hence, N – Cl bonds are non-polar. As a result, the overall dipole moment of molecule and its direction is just the dipole moment of the lone pair of electrons.

On the other hand, N – Br, (3.0-2.8), N – I (3.0 – 2.5) and N – H (3.0 – 2.1) are polar and hence, contribute towards the overall dipole moment of the respective molecules. Since, the EN difference is higher in case of N – H bonds, therefore, has the higher dipole moment.