The Bond Angle Between Two Hybrid Orbitals Is 105o. The Percentage Of s-character Of Hybrid Orbital Is Between

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Question

The bond angle between two hybrid orbitals is 105^o. The percentage of s-character of hybrid orbital is between

easy

Solution

Correct option is

21 – 23%

s-character ∝ bond angle for 25% s character (as in sp³ hybrid orbital), bond angle is 109.5^o, for 33.3% s character (as in sp² hybrid orbital), bond angle is 120^o and for 50% s character (as in sp hybrid orbital), bond angle is 180^o.

Similarly, when the bond angle decreases below 109.5^o, the s-character will decrease accordingly.

Decreasing in angle = 120^o – 109.5^o = 10.5^o

∴ Decrease in s-character = 33.3 – 25 = 8.3

Actual decrease in bond angle = 109.5^o – 105^o = 4.5^o

∴ Expected decrease in s-character

Thus, the s-character should decrease by about 3.56%, ie, s-character = 25 – 3.56 = 21.44%