A Natural Number x is Chosen At Random From The First One Hundred Natural Numbers. The Probability That   is

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Question

A natural number x is chosen at random from the first one hundred natural numbers. The probability that   is

Solution

Correct option is

7/25

Sign of E is same as that of sign of   

               (x – 20) (x – 30) (x – 40) = F(say). 

Note that F < 0 if and only if

               0 < x < 20 or 30 < x < 40.

∴              E < 0 in (0, 20) ∪ (30, 40)

Thus, E is negative for x = 1, 2,….,19, 31, 32,….,39, that is E, < 0 for 28 nature numbers.

∴   Required probability = 28/100 = 7/25.

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